Bad voltage seriously affects fuel pumps, making them less effective, and they may have an early failure. Most fuel pumps run best at 13.5 volts constant voltage to keep the operation optimal. Once the voltage level falls beneath that mark, the hard work of the fuel pump intensifies in providing fuel at required pressure by increasing wear and can lead to overheating.
One of the major influences that a low-voltage condition exerts on the fuel pump is the reduction in flow rate. Because the power is insufficient, the pump cannot provide the required pressure to effect proper dispensing of fuel, hence leading to poor engine performance. Research indicates that when there is a slight drop in voltage, there may be a drop in fuel pump efficiency of up to 10%. This percentage decrease affects overall vehicle performance and is specifically felt in situations where one needs higher performance, as with hard acceleration or when carrying heavy loads.
The low voltage affecting the fuel pump may be a result of electrical system issues such as corroded connections or a failing alternator. Regular checks on the electrical system in your vehicle help ensure that the correct voltage comes to the fuel pump. According to experts, testing voltage at the pump with a voltmeter, especially on older vehicles, will avert sudden pump failure.
Running the fuel pump on low voltage also overheats it, since the motor must run at full capacity to compensate for the deficiency in power. Over time, this excessive strain reduces the lifespan of the fuel pump, resulting in expensive repairs or replacements. Most mechanics will advise vehicle owners to take proper care of the voltage level so as to avoid overheating and extend the operational life of the pump.
Can a fuel pump be affected by low voltage? Absolutely, yes, because insufficient voltage results in loss of efficiency, can even overheat, and wear out fast. It, therefore, calls for regular electric system maintenance for reliable running and efficiency of the Fuel Pump.